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Devika Panikar

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δάσκαλος (dáskalos) means the teacher in Greek. Devika Panikar has been teaching English Language and Literature since 2006. She is an Assistant Professor with the Directorate of Collegiate Education under the Government of Kerala. She teaches at the Government Colleges coming under this directorate and is now posted at the Government Law College, Thiruvananthapuram. This website is a collection of lecture notes that she prepared by referring to various sources, for her students’ perusal. It has been compiled here for the sake of future generations.

IC Analysis: Advantages and Limitations

The process of IC analysis always ends when the smallest constituents are reached, which are often words although the analysis can also be extended into words to acknowledge how words are structured. ...

Idioms

Every language has its idioms and expressions. They are an integral part of the language. English language too, is rich in idioms. Idioms are words or phrases that aren’t meant to be taken literally a...

IC Analysis of Sentences

A single sentence is made up of an NP (subject) and a predicate phrase. This predicate phrase, apart from a compulsory verbal group, may optionally have one or more noun phrase(s), preposition phrase(...

Guidelines to Paragraph Writing

Developing an effective paragraph -a combination of sentences joined cohesively together to further a focused topic -requires seven steps. Emily Layfield outlines these easy steps which will help on...

The Gleason Method 

The grammatical constituents in a sentence like Noun Phrase, Verb Phrase, Adverbial and Preposition Phrase can be further divided into categories such as Noun, Adjective, Verb, Tense and Morpheme....

Confusing Words

Everyone knows the problem with spell-check: your word might be spelt right, but it may be the wrong word. It happens all the time. You're writing a paper or texting a friend and have to ask yourself,...

Labelled IC Analysis

Immediate Constituent analysis aims at analysing each utterance into the smallest meaningful units possible. In this model, we begin by cutting the sentence into two natural divisions, and each of the...

Strategies in Paragraph Writing

Writing a paragraph means writing a series of sentences related to a single topic. In theory, it sounds simple enough, but finding the right topic, building sentences with substantial ideas, and conne...

Homophone

Homophone is Greek for same sound. A homophone can be defined as a word that, when pronounced, seems similar to another word, but has a different spelling and meaning. The two words may be spelt the s...

Immediate Constituent Analysis

The advent of generative grammar with the publication of Chomsky's monograph Syntactic Structures in 1957 was a scientific revolution. From the beginning, this revolution was directed almost exclusive...