Devika Panikar
δάσκαλος (dáskalos) means the teacher in Greek. Devika Panikar has been teaching English Language and Literature since 2006. She is an Assistant Professor with the Directorate of Collegiate Education under the Government of Kerala and now works at the Government College Kasaragod. This website is a collection of lecture notes she prepared by referring to various sources for her students’ perusal.
Exotic Perfume
Charles Baudelaire's Exotic Perfume (Parfum Exotique) is a sensual and evocative poem that explores themes of desire, indulgence, and the allure of the exotic. Published in his ground-breaking collect...
Structuralism and the Qualities of Literature
Jonathan Culler's Structuralist Poetics: Structuralism, Linguistics and the Study of Literature explores the qualities of literature through the lens of structuralism. He defines structuralism as a th...
Fallen Flower
Kumaran Asan is one of the most refined geniuses in the whole gamut of Malayalam literature, and he has used his creativity to epitomise the reason for his fighting in his life. His writings are the c...
Structuralism and Beyond
Structuralism, primarily associated with linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, is a theoretical approach that seeks to understand human culture by identifying structures that underlie all social phenomena. ...
Four Kinds of Meaning
I A Richards, a prominent literary critic, introduced the concept of the "four kinds of meaning" in his influential book Practical Criticism (1929). Richards' theory was part of his effort to develop ...
Objective Criticism
Objective criticism is a significant approach in literary theory that emerged in the early 20th century, primarily associated with the New Criticism movement. It emphasises analysing a work of literat...
The Romantic and Victorian Era
The Romantic and Victorian periods were two of the most transformative eras in English literature, with each bringing distinct styles, themes, and philosophies to poetry and criticism. While the Roman...