Devika Panikar
δάσκαλος (dáskalos) means the teacher in Greek. Devika Panikar has been teaching English Language and Literature since 2006. She is an Assistant Professor with the Directorate of Collegiate Education under the Government of Kerala and now works at the Government College Kasaragod. This website is a collection of lecture notes she prepared by referring to various sources for her students’ perusal.
Phrasal Verbs
A phrasal verb combines two or three words from different grammatical categories — a verb and a particle, such as an adverb or a preposition — to form a single semantic unit on a lexical or syntactic ...
Generative Grammar
Generative grammar, a very formal system, is the first of the three models for describing the language discussed by linguist Noam Chomsky in Syntactic Structures. In linguistics, generative grammar is...
IC Analysis: Advantages and Limitations
Immediate Constituent Analysis, also known as IC Analysis, is a method used in linguistics to analyse the hierarchical structure of sentences by breaking them down into their immediate constituents or...
IC Analysis of Sentences
A single sentence comprises an NP (subject) and a predicate phrase. Apart from a compulsory verbal group, this predicate phrase may optionally have one or more noun phrase(s), preposition phrase(s), a...
Guidelines to Paragraph Writing
Developing an effective paragraph -a combination of cohesive sentences to further a focused topic -requires seven steps. Emily Layfield outlines these easy steps to help one write an impeccable piec...
The Gleason Method
The Gleason Method in linguistics, developed by influential American linguist Henry Allan Gleason, is a systematic approach to analysing and understanding languages. This method includes a variety of ...
Confusing Words
Everyone knows the problem with spell-check: your word might be spelt right, but it may be wrong. It happens all the time. You're writing a paper or texting a friend and must ask yourself, "Is it affe...
Labelled IC Analysis
Immediate Constituent analysis analyses each utterance into the smallest meaningful units possible. In this model, we begin by cutting the sentence into two natural divisions, and each is again cut in...